14.05.2012: CERN welcomes its first choreographer in residence

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The Moebius Strip © Cie Gilles Jobin 2007 (Image: Dorothée Thébert)

Space, time and gravity are under the cultural spotlight at CERN this month with the arrival of Gilles Jobin, the laboratory's first choreographer in residence and winner of the Collide@CERN Geneva prize, which is supported by the Canton and City of Geneva. Jobin is an internationally renowned Swiss choreographer with a company in Geneva. His CERN inspiration partner for his three-month residency at the laboratory will be the multi-media producer and visualisation specialist, João Pequenão, who studied physics at the University of Lisbon.

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09.05.2012: CERN computing looks to the future

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The Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (pictured: Tier-0 servers at CERN) will see increased capacity and development (Image: CERN)

It's been an exciting week for computing at CERN.

On Tuesday CERN signed a contract with the Wigner Research Centre for Physics in Budapest, Hungary, for an extension to the CERN data centre. Under the new agreement, the Wigner Centre will host CERN equipment to extend the capabilities of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) – a global computing system organized in tiers, with its central hub, Tier-0, at CERN. Tier-0 provides some 30 petabytes (PB) of data storage on disk, and includes the majority of the 65,000 processing cores in the CERN Computer Centre. The Wigner Centre will extend this capacity with 20,000 cores and 5.5 PB of disk data, which will double after 3 years.

And today CERN launched the fourth phase of CERN openlab – a unique public-private partnership between CERN and leading information-technology companies. The initiative brings together science and industry to develop advanced IT systems to cope with the computing challenges related to the Large Hadron Collider. This fourth phase of the intiative will address cloud computing, business analytics, next-generation hardware, and security for network devices.

Computing is a crucial part of CERN's activities. Initiatives like these will help physicists deal with the torrent of data expected as the LHC reaches higher intensities and energies in the coming years.

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2 May

Forty years of the PS Booster

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The Proton Synchrotron Booster in October 1972, just four months after being switched on for the first time (Image: CERN)

The Proton Synchrotron (PS) Booster – a key accelerator in the CERN complex – is 40 years old this month.

The accelerator is made up of four superimposed synchrotron rings that receive beams of protons from the linear accelerator (Linac) at 50 MeV and accelerate them to 800 MeV for injection into the Proton Synchrotron (PS).

Before the Booster received its first beams on 26 May 1972, protons were injected directly from the Linac into the PS, where they were accelerated to 26 GeV. The low injection energy of 50 MeV limited the number of protons the PS could accept. The Booster allows the PS to accept an order of magnitude more protons, which greatly enhances the beam's utility for experiments.

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27.04.2012: CMS discovers new particle – Meet the Ξb*0 beauty baryon

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The Ξb*0 particle shows a clear signal (blue) above the background level (red) (Image: CMS)

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at CERN has submitted a paper for publication describing the first observation of a new particle, an excited beauty baryon called the Ξb*0 (Ξb is pronounced "Csai - bee").

Baryons are subatomic particles whose mass is equal to or greater than that of a proton. The Standard Model of particle physics predicts the existence of Ξb baryons in charged, neutral or excited states. Though charged and neutral Ξb baryons have been seen in detectors before, this is the first time the an excited Ξb beauty baryon has been observed. CMS measured the mass of the new particle to be 5945.0 ± 2.8 MeV.

CMS physicists found the Ξb*0 signal in a sample of about 530 trillion proton—proton collisions (an integrated luminosity of 5.3 inverse femtobarns) which were delivered by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) operating at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV in 2011.

The Ξb*0 adds to a growing list of discoveries at CERN in recent months. In December the ATLAS experiment announced the observation of a new "quarkonium state" containing a beauty quark bound with its antiquark, and in November the LHCb experiment reported a new effect in the decays of particles containing a charm quark (or antiquark).

With the LHC now running at 4TeV per beam, the collision number is set to increase, which enhances the machine's discovery potential considerably, and opens up new possibilities for searches for new and heavier particles.

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24.04.2012: CERN supports new business incubation centre in the UK

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John Womersley of the Science and Technology Facilities Council (left) meets Steve Myers, CERN's Director of Accelerators and Technology (Image: STFC)

CERN and the UK’s Science and Technology Facilities Council announce the launch of a new Business Incubation Centre (BIC) at the STFC’s Daresbury Science and Innovation Campus. The centre will provide a new technology transfer opportunity to bridge the gap between basic science and industry, supporting businesses and entrepreneurs in taking innovative technologies related to high energy physics from technical concept to market reality.

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23.04.2012: LHC reaches data milestone

In just three weeks of operation in "stable beams" mode, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has already delivered approximately one inverse femtobarn of data to the experiments - a measure of accelerator performance equivalent to 100 trillion proton-proton collisions. Last year, the LHC took three months to reach that amount. Stable beams mode enables the experiments to collect data for physics analysis.

The LHC is now operating at 1380 proton bunches per beam, the maximum value set for this year. It has also exceeded the maximum peak luminosity – a measure of the instantaneous collision rate – achieved last year: while the top value for 2011 was 3.6 × 1033 collisions per square centimetre per second, LHC has now reached 3.9 × 1033 cm-2 s-1.

The higher collision energy of 4 TeV per beam (compared to 3.5 TeV per beam in 2011) and the resulting higher number of collisions expected both enhance the machine's discovery potential considerably, opening up new possibilities for searches for new and heavier particles.

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20.04.2012: CERN to host Swiss screening of One Day on Earth

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On 22 April the CinéGlobe international film festival at CERN will host the Swiss edition of the global screening of One Day on Earth, the first film to be shot and then screened in every country in the world. The film was created from over 3000 hours of footage, shot by the One Day on Earth community in every country of the world on 10 October 2010. The screening starts at 3pm and 5.30pm in the Globe of Science and Innovation. Running time: 1 hour and 45 minutes.

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19.04.2012: LHC reaches 1380 proton bunches per beam

In just two weeks of operation in "stable beams" mode, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has aready reached 1380 proton bunches per beam, the maximum value set for this year. The number of bunches was increased in steps from 624 to then 840 bunches last week, and now from 1092 to 1380.

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17.04.2012: LHC reaches record collision rate at 4TeV per beam

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Physicist Despina Hatzifotiadou inspects the wiring on the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (Image: CERN)

In just 12 days of operation in "stable beams" mode, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has already exceeded the maximum peak luminosity – a measure of the instantaneous collision rate – achieved last year. The LHC has now reached 3.9 × 1033 collisions per square centimetre per second, while the top value for last year was 3.6 × 1033 cm-2 s-1. Stable beams mode enables the experiments to collect data for physics analysis. 

So far this year the total amount of data delivered to the experiments – the integrated luminosity – is now about 0.6 inverse femtobarn, a measure of accelerator performance equivalent to about 60 trillion collisions. Last year, it took about 12 weeks of operation to reach that number.

The number of proton bunches colliding in the machine is steadily increasing, with 1092 bunches per beam achieved so far. Over the coming days, this number will be increased to 1380 bunches per beam, the maximum value for this year.

This year, the higher collision energy of 4 TeV per beam (compared to 3.5 TeV per beam in 2011) and the resulting higher number of collisions expected both enhance the machine's discovery potential considerably, opening up new possibilities for searches for new and heavier particles. So keep an eye on us!

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11.04.2012: LHC yields data rapidly at new collision energy of 8TeV

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A physicist monitors beams in the LHC from the CERN Control Centre (Image: CERN, from the 2011 lead-ion run)

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) resumed operating in "stable beams" mode at 00:38 CEST on 5 April, and is rapidly coming back up to speed. The LHC experiments need stable beams to collect data for physics analysis.

In its first 6 days of operation this year, the LHC has already reached a total integrated luminosity of 0.2 inverse femtobarns – a measure of accelerator performance equivalent to about 20 trillion collisions delivered to the experiments. Last year the LHC took six weeks achieve the same number.

The number of proton bunches in the machine – currently 624 per beam - will be increased over the coming two weeks, to 840, then 1092, and finally to 1380 bunches per beam, the machine's maximum for this year. The number of protons per bunch is also increasing.

This year's higher collision energy of 4 TeV per beam (compared to 3.5 TeV per beam in 2011) and the resulting higher number of collisions expected enhance the machine's discovery potential considerably, opening up new possibilities for searches for new and heavier particles. Watch this space!

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05.04.2012: LHC physics data taking gets underway at new record collision energy of 8TeV

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At 0:38 CEST this morning, the LHC shift crew declared ‘stable beams’ as two 4 TeV proton beams were brought into collision at the LHC’s four interaction points. This signals the start of physics data taking by the LHC experiments for 2012.  The collision energy of 8 TeV is a new world record, and increases the machine’s discovery potential considerably.

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29.03.2012: First laureate for Collide@CERN-Geneva Prize announced

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The Moebius Strip © Cie Gilles Jobin 2007 (Image: Dorothée Thébert)

The first Collide@CERN-Geneva prize in Dance and Performance was today awarded by jury to the 47-year-old Swiss-born dancer and choreographer Gilles Jobin for his proposal to use interventions and dance to explore the relationship between mind and body at the world's largest particle physics laboratory.

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26.03.2012: Third CinéGlobe international film festival at CERN to showcase films inspired by science

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CERN will be hosting the CinéGlobe international film festival from 27 March to 1 April. This 3rd edition will see 55 short films "inspired by science" in competition, including fictional pieces as well as documentaries. Selected from a long list of 1,400 short films from 107 countries, all the entrants have one thing in common: telling stories inspired by science and technology. The theme of this year's festival is "Infinitely interconnected", casting the spotlight on how interconnected the modern world has become.

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23.03.2012: European Space Agency's Edoardo Amaldi ATV set for liftoff

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Artist's impression of the ESA's first Automated Transfer Vehicle. Image: D. Ducros/ESA

The Italian physicist Edoardo Amaldi was CERN's first Secretary General and a driving force for the creation of the laboratory. He was also one of the founding fathers of the European Space Agency (ESA).

On Friday 23 March ESA's third Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV), named in honour of Amaldi, began its journey to the International Space Station on board an Ariane rocket.

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21.03.2012: CERN's first artist in residence to give public lecture

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Julius Von Bismarck (right), with his science inspiration partner, James Well.

Creative collisions between the arts and science are just beginning at CERN, with the first Collide@CERN artist, Julius Von Bismarck, starting his digital arts residency this month.

To mark this special occasion, the first Collide@CERN public lecture will take place on 21 March 2012 at the Globe of Science and Innovation, at 7.30 p.m. CET.

Follow the event live: http://webcast.cern.ch

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19.03.2012: LHC reaches new threshold of 4 TeV per beam

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Physicists in the ATLAS experiment's control room

The Large Hadron Collider reached a new energy threshold of 4 teraelectronvolts (TeV) per beam over the weekend in tests. Increasing the energy at which particles in the LHC collide allows physicists to probe new areas of physics. Collisions at this new energy level are planned for early April.

The LHC is scheduled to run at 4 TeV per beam until late 2012 before going into a long shutdown to prepare for higher energy running. Prior to this the maximum beam energy in the LHC was 3.5 TeV.

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09.03.2012: A major contract has been signed for the supply of solar panels derived from CERN technology

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SRB solar field in Valencia, Spain. (Image:CERN)

At Geneva International Airport today SRB Energy delivered the first of the solar panels that will form one of the largest solar energy systems of Switzerland. Ultimately, some 300 high-temperature solar thermal panels will cover a surface of 1200 square metres on the roof of the airport’s main terminal building. The panels, which will be used to keep the buildings warm during the winter and cool in the summer, are derived from vacuum technology developed at CERN for particle accelerators.

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07.03.2012: CERN experiment makes spectroscopic measurement of antihydrogen

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Electrodes for the ALPHA Penning trap are inserted into the vacuum chamber and cryostat assembly. Positrons and antiprotons combine in the trap to form antihydrogen (Image: Niels Madsen ALPHA/Swansea)

In a paper published online today by the journal Nature, the ALPHA collaboration at CERN reports an important milestone on the way to measuring the properties of antimatter atoms. This follows news reported in June last year that the collaboration had routinely trapped antihydrogen atoms for long periods of time. ALPHA’s latest advance is the next important milestone on the way to being able to make precision comparisons between atoms of ordinary matter and atoms of antimatter, thereby helping to unravel one of the deepest mysteries in particle physics and perhaps understanding why a Universe of matter exists at all.

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05.03.2012: LHCb experiment squeezes the space for expected new physics

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Photomultiplier tubes in the upper box of the LHCb experiment's RICH 1 detector. Image: R. Plackett/CERN for the benefit of the LHCb collaboration

Results presented by the LHCb collaboration this evening at the annual ‘Rencontres de Moriond’ conference, held this year in La Thuile, Italy, have put one of the most stringent limits to date on the current theory of particle physics, the Standard Model. LHCb tests the Standard Model by measuring extremely rare processes, in this case a decay pattern predicted to happen just three times out of every billion decays of a particle known as the Bs (B-sub-s) meson. Anything other than that would be evidence for new physics. Measuring the rate of this Bs decay has been a major goal of particle physics experiments in the past decade, with the limit on its decay rate being gradually improved by the CDF and D0 experiments at Fermilab, LHCb, and most recently CMS at CERN.

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21.02.2012: The non-LHC experiments in 2012

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View inside the chamber used by CLOUD, one of the many non-LHC experiments at CERN. Image: CERN

There is more to CERN than the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A thousand or so physicists on site research topics from antimatter to astronomy in the non-LHC experiments.

This year the ALPHA, ASACUSA, and ATRAP experiments will compare the properties of antiatoms with their matter counterparts, and AEgIS will try to measure the gravitational constant g using antihydrogen. The CLOUD experiment seeks to understand the influence of cosmic rays on cloud formation, while ACE is researching the use of antiproton beams in cancer therapy.

ISOLDE continues to produce radioisotopes for over 50 experiments, and the nTOF facility provides neutron beams for research fields from astronomy to radioactivity. The CAST and OSQAR experiments are hot on the tail of "axions" and "chameleons", some of the many hypothetical and exotic particles proposed by theorists to explain the nature of dark matter.

These are just a few of the many non-LHC experiments looking forward to a productive 2012 at CERN.

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15.02.2012: LHC to run at 4 TeV per beam in 2012

© 2012 CERN

The LHC will run with a beam energy of 4 TeV this year, 0.5 TeV higher than in 2010 and 2011. This decision was taken by CERN management following the annual performance workshop held in Chamonix last week and a report delivered today by the external CERN Machine Advisory Committee (CMAC). It is accompanied by a strategy to optimise LHC running to deliver the maximum possible amount of data in 2012 before the LHC goes into a long shutdown to prepare for higher energy running. The data target for 2012 is 15 inverse femtobarns for ATLAS and CMS, three times higher than in 2011. Bunch spacing in the LHC will remain at 50 nanoseconds.

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02.02.2012: What to expect from the LHC in 2012

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Engineers at work on the ATLAS calorimeter during last year's maintenance shutdown. Image: CERN

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world's largest particle accelerator, is currently shut down for annual maintenance. In February CERN will decide whether to run the LHC at a total energy of 8 TeV this year, instead of 7 TeV as in 2011. Higher energy should increase the chances of finding heavy particles. By early March, all the magnets around the 27-kilometre accelerator will have been cooled down to their operating temperatures of -271.3°C, ready to guide beams of particles through the LHC.

The LHC will resume colliding protons in late March. The goal is to deliver about 1500 trillion proton-proton collisions (15 inverse femtobarns of data) to the experiments, compared to the 500 trillion collisions delivered in 2011. More collisions will help the LHC experiments to improve the precision of their measurements and push searches for new physics further.

The CMS and ATLAS experiments will continue to look for new particles this year, of which the Higgs boson is the most publicized. Data taken in 2012 will allow them either to confirm a Higgs discovery or to rule out its existence conclusively.

The LHCb experiment will carry on with its precise measurements of quarks, in the search for weak points in the current Standard Model of particle physics. Meanwhile, ALICE is analyzing lead-ion collision data taken in November 2011 in the quest to understand how quark-gluon plasma formed after the Big Bang. More heavy-ion collisions are scheduled for November this year.

Stay tuned for more from CERN in 2012!

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31.01.2011: Last chance to register for Swiss FameLab semi-finals at CERN

Are you 18 to 35 years old and studying or working in science in Switzerland? Are you passionate about your job and keen on exciting public imagination with a vision of 21st-century science? Then this competition is for you!

FameLab is an international science communication competition for young researchers. It aims to find the new voices of science and engineering across the world.

The regional semi-finals for Switzerland will take place this Saturday 4 February at CERN. To compete, all you have to do is prepare a 3-minute talk that is both engaging and scientifically accurate and aimed at a non-scientific audience. So far, 23 researchers have signed up to present topics ranging from neurobiology to the speed of light.

Registration closes today so be quick! Impress your jury and your audience this Saturday at the Globe of Science and Innovation for your chance to win.

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16.01.2012: LHC physics – More than just the Higgs search

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Events containing a muon pair and a photon detected by the ATLAS calorimeter. The three peaks are events consistent with different quarkonium decay states. The scale on the horizontal axis is mass. (Credit: ATLAS)

The LHC has been in the limelight recently with the first tantalizing hints concerning the Higgs boson. But there's more to physics at the LHC. Two of the LHC experiments have recently made discoveries in other areas of particle physics.

In November the LHCb experiment reported a new effect in the decays of particles containing a charm quark (or antiquark). The result could be the first evidence for CP violation  - a tiny difference in the behaviour of matter and antimatter - in charmed particles. The effect is very small, but more data should reveal whether it points to physics beyond the Standard Model.

In December the ATLAS experiment announced the discovery of a new "quarkonium state", containing a beauty quark bound with its antiquark. Predicted by theory, it is known as the χb(3P). The new state will help in understanding the force that binds quarks (and antiquarks) together.

Watch out for more discoveries in 2012!

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12.01.2012: Google launches 2012 science fair

 

In partnership with CERN, the Google science fair 2012 launches today. Now in its second year, the fair is the world's largest global online science competition for young scientists.

Young people in three age categories (13-14, 15-16, and 17-18) are encouraged to post science projects online for the chance to present them before a panel of acclaimed scientists at Google headquarters, and to win prizes including generous scholarships.

Last year's winning projects included investigations into drug-resistance in cancer cells, carcinogenic compounds in grilled chicken, and effects of environmental pollution on asthma.

For more information about this year's fair, take a look at the video above or check out www.google.com/sciencefair.

Everyone has a question. What's yours?

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